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How did SCO start?
SCO means Shanghai Co-operation Organization. It is clear from the name that this organization is connected to the Chinese city of Shanghai. In fact, when 15 new countries were formed after the Soviet Union’s breakdown in 1991, new Muslim -majority nations like Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan came into existence in Central Asia. The borders of three of these countries were directly connected to China.
In view of this danger, in 1996, China and Russia called Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan in Shanghai and held a meeting. It was decided that there will be mutual cooperation to maintain regional stability, increase business cooperation and prevent terrorism. This was called ‘Shanghai Five’. Later, Uzbekistan also joined and in 2001 these six countries together established the SCO.
Who are the member countries?
Organization purpose
SCO is basically no military alliance. Its main objective is to prevent fundamentalism and terrorism from spreading in Central Asia, maintaining regional security and strengthening economic and strategic cooperation among member countries. This is the reason why SCO is also called the common front of Russia and China.
Why is SCO important for India?
- The importance of this organization for India is due to many reasons.
- First, India uses this platform to expose Pakistan on the issue of terrorism.
Second, Russia is India’s traditional partner and SCO gives an opportunity to strengthen India-Russia relations. - Third, India’s relations with China are complex. But on this platform, both countries can sit face to face and talk on regional and global issues.
- Fourth, SCO gives India a chance to create a strategic balance in the growing trade war between the US and China.
Pakistan’s difficulty
Pakistan has increased closeness to America in recent years. Other SCO member countries are watching it carefully. Pakistan’s position is weakening amid the presence of countries like Russia and Iran.
to cut a long story short
In direct language, Shanghai Cooperation Organization is a big sport where India has to be present in every situation. This organization gives India a chance to surround Pakistan on the issue of terrorism, gives a chance to create strategic balance with countries like Russia and China and further strengthens India’s role in changing global trade equations.
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