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Seasonal changes often bring fluctuations in weather conditions and increase the risk of diseases, especially in children. These changes may lead to an increase in pediatric illnesses like common cold, fever, leading to dehydration, electrolyte imbalance and low energy levels.
Unfortunately, hydration is often overlooked during such health conditions, which has a significant impact on recovery. Understanding the relationship between hydration, immunity and recovery is important to support children with such conditions.
Dehydration and its effect on immunity
In an interview with HT Lifestyle, Professor Dr NL Sridhar (MD Pediatrics, LLB, Professor at Apollo Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Jubilee Hills, Hyderabad; Director of NEO BBC Hospital, Vidyanagar, Hyderabad; and practicing at Safe Children Clinic Namlagundu Junction, Sitaphalmandi, Secunderabad) shared, “Dehydration occurs when the body loses more fluids than required, leading to As a result, there is an imbalance of essential electrolytes like sodium, potassium. And chloride. These electrolytes play important roles in maintaining cellular functions, nerve transmission, and muscle contraction.
He added, “Because of their higher body surface to volume ratio, children have a larger body surface to lose fluid through the skin when they have a high fever. Young children often have difficulty communicating their thirst or drinking enough water on their own, resulting in dehydration. When children experience dehydration, their immunity can weaken, making them more susceptible to infections. Some symptoms of dehydration include dry mouth, dark urine, drowsiness and dizziness. If these symptoms persist, consult a healthcare provider immediately.
How seasonal diseases cause dehydration
Dr NL Sridhar revealed, “During seasonal change, non-diarrheal diseases like fever, viral infections, nausea become common in children. Fever leads to sweating and fluid loss, while nausea and vomiting lead to reduced fluid and food intake. This dual effect results in fluid, electrolyte, and energy depletion, which can significantly delay recovery.
- Fever: An increase of one degree Celsius in body temperature can increase fluid loss by 10%, leading to dehydration.
- poor appetite: Illness often results in reduced food intake, leading to a deficiency of carbohydrates, the primary energy source for the body.
Without adequate hydration and energy replenishment, the body may begin to break down muscle proteins to meet energy demands, leading to fatigue and chronic illness.
Highlights the role of fluid, electrolyte and energy (FEE) depletion in aiding recovery
To counteract the effects of dehydration, it is essential to focus on replenishing fluids, electrolytes and energy. Dr NL Sridhar said, “The Indian Academy of Pediatrics emphasizes on keeping the child well hydrated during fever as children can lose more fluids during fever. Although water is essential, it may not be enough to replace electrolytes and energy losses. Additionally, parents often encourage their children to consume natural fluids such as coconut water and clear home-made soups. However, sometimes these home-made fluids may not be suitable due to different electrolytes, preparation errors and may not provide adequate rehydration.
He suggests, “Ready-to-drink formulations with scientifically balanced composition of electrolytes and energy are particularly beneficial as they ensure consistent quality and taste. Micronutrients like copper, zinc and selenium, vitamin C etc. are also important to support immune function and act as antioxidants. Some ready-to-drink formats contain electrolytes and micronutrients like zinc and selenium that are known to help boost hydration and immunity, leading to faster recovery and relief from non-diarrhea related illnesses. Additionally, being RTD, they are convenient and can be consumed on the go.”
Role of Electrolytes in Recovery
According to Dr. NL Sridhar, electrolytes like sodium, potassium and magnesium are important for recovery during seasonal illnesses.
- sodium Fluid absorption and retention, helps maintain hydration.
- potassium Aids muscle function which is common during dehydration.
- magnesium Aids cellular repair and energy production, helping the immune system to heal more effectively.
By restoring these electrolytes, the body can efficiently fight diseases and also help in delayed recovery.
Importance of timely intervention
Early recognition and management of dehydration and energy deficiency can greatly improve children’s recovery. “Seasonal changes present unique challenges to child health, with dehydration and electrolyte imbalances being important concerns during non-diarrheal illnesses,” said Dr NL Sridhar. Maintaining proper hydration, replenishing electrolytes and ensuring adequate energy intake are essential steps to support immunity in children and aid faster recovery.
They recommended, “Choosing ready-to-drink fluids with electrolytes and micronutrients provides a convenient and effective solution for managing hydration and immunity amid seasonal changes. Parents should remain alert to the symptoms of dehydration and consult pediatricians for proper care. By prioritizing hydration and meeting energy needs, we can better prepare children to deal with seasonal changes with resiliency and good health.
Disclaimer: The information given in this article is scientific facts only and is not a substitute for any professional advice. Please consult a doctor/nutritionist for more information on managing dehydration during infection.
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