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According to the World Stroke Organization, someone has a stroke every 3 seconds worldwide, a total of 12.2 million new strokes each year. Shocking, isn’t it? Yet, it remains unnoticed in many people due to lack of awareness about the early symptoms of stroke.
What is stroke?
Stroke occurs when blood flow to any part of the brain stops or is greatly reduced. Without blood, brain cells lose oxygen and vital nutrients. Within minutes, these cells can die, causing permanent damage. This damage can result in long-term disability, or in severe cases, even death.
According to medical experts, stroke cases are increasing across the world due to lifestyle or genetic factors. While stroke was previously more likely to occur in people over the age of 55, it is now becoming more common in younger people. Sedentary lifestyle, unhealthy eating habits and certain medications can increase the risk of stroke.
Dr. Santosh Sontakke, neurologist at Ruby Hall Clinic in Pune, tells Health Shots: “Using the FAST method is one of the easiest and most effective ways to identify stroke symptoms early. FAST means drooping face, arm weakness and difficulty speaking. If you notice these signs it is important to call emergency services immediately as time is of the essence.”
What is the fast method?
Let’s look at each part of the FAST acronym to help everyone identify stroke symptoms.
1. Face bending (F)
One of the first symptoms of a stroke is weakness or numbness on one side of the face. Is the person’s smile uneven? Does one side of their mouth droop? Asking the person to smile may reveal any differences. If you notice any degradation, take it seriously. This means that the brain is having trouble controlling specific muscles, and you need to act faster.
2. Arm weakness (A)
Stroke often affects one arm more than the other. In an emergency, ask the person to raise both hands. “If an arm droops or feels heavy, weak or numb, this is a serious warning sign,” says the neurologist. This happens because the brain is not sending the right signals to the affected side, which means you need to take action.
3. Speech Difficulty(s)
Speech can be affected by stroke. Watch for slurred speech or trouble forming words. You can check this immediately by asking the person to repeat any simple phrase. “If they clearly find it difficult to do, this is a warning sign,” explains the neurologist. Remember, timing is important because these symptoms could mean they are having a stroke and need immediate medical attention.
4. Time
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