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Are you planning a summer road trip soon? think twice! Because, the country is already in the grip of heat wave. Since the beginning of the month, many states have been witnessing a rise in day temperatures (the mercury has soared above 35 degrees Celsius in Kolkata and temperatures in central India have already reached above 40 degrees). The India Meteorological Department (IMD) has issued an alert and the Health Ministry has also issued guidelines to deal with heat-related illnesses.
With the dangers of heatstroke looming, we ask doctors to share tips to protect against the scorching days.
3 types of heat related diseases
Dr Divya Gopal, Internal Medicine, Sir HN Reliance Hospital and Research Centre, gives details.
“Heat cramps are the initial stage, where severe muscle cramps, usually in the hands, calves and feet, are caused by salt and water deficiency. The after effects usually last for 24 to 48 hours. Next, heat exhaustion occurs when the core body temperature rises to 101-104 degrees. This can lead to headache, mild fever, nausea, vomiting, increased thirst, numbness throughout the body, muscle pain, and reduced urine production,” she says. “Some people may even faint due to the drop in blood pressure.” Are. Heat stroke is the final stage, is a medical emergency and can be potentially fatal. Symptoms can include organ failure, dry, red skin, lack of sweating, confusion due to decreased blood supply to the brain, and sometimes convulsions.
Increase in cases of heat related illnesses
As the heat conditions continue to increase, diseases are increasing across the country.
Dr Rajeev Gupta, CK Birla, Delhi, confirms, “Rising temperatures are already having various health impacts, including an increase in respiratory infections, allergies and gastrointestinal infections. These account for 50–60% of all emergency room cases. He further added, “Heatwaves pose significant risks to human health, affecting cardiovascular and immune functions in multiple ways. Heat exhaustion and heatstroke caused by prolonged exposure are one thing, but it can lead to organ damage and death in severe cases.
Who is most at risk?
As the situation worsens, Dr. Santosh Kumar Aggarwal from Marengo Asia Hospitals Faridabad shares an important message – take immediate action. “It can affect anyone, but the elderly population and young children, pregnant women, people with acute or chronic health conditions are more vulnerable. Parents should not let their children go out to play and should also not leave babies or young children in parked vehicles.
He adds, “Heatstroke requires immediate intervention. Be extra cautious in view of heat wave warning from IMD.”
major symptoms
– Dr. Santosh Kumar Aggarwal, Senior Consultant Physician, Internal Medicine, Marengo Asia Hospital Faridabad
- high body temperature
- dry, hot, and flaky skin
- heart beat fast
- rapid breathing
- altered mental status or behavior (confusion, disorientation, seizures)
- nausea and vomiting
- severe headache
- feeling dizzy or light-headed
How to Exercise in Extreme Weather
Jashan Vij, health and fat loss coach says:
- Avoid exercising during the hottest parts of the day. Replace morning workout with sunset workout
- Hydration is important so drink plenty of fluids. Water is essential, but electrolyte-rich beverages can also help replenish lost fluids and minerals.
Diet Do’s and Don’ts
Clinical nutritionist Shruti Naidu shares tips to follow:
- Eat high water foods and fruits like watermelon, cantaloupe cucumber and coconut water.
- Include lemonade, sattu, lassi and buttermilk in your diet.
- Keep a water bottle with you while going out.
what to avoid
- spicy and fried foods
- caffeinated beverages, alcohol
- sweet water
- processed, packaged foods
- high salt foods
keep pets safe
The circular issued by the Health Ministry also recommends keeping pets in shade and providing them with adequate drinking water.
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