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The knee is one of the most commonly affected joints in sports injuries. It is also susceptible to trauma, especially in situations involving pedestrian and two-wheeler accidents. Even minor activities such as turning or simple walking can sometimes lead to serious knee injuries. While many of these injuries are minor sprains that respond well to basic treatment, more severe cases often involve ligament and meniscal injuries, as well as fractures.
Ligaments are band-like tissues that join bones to form a joint. Their primary role is to stabilize the joint while allowing controlled movement. When ligaments are injured, they can cause abnormal motion and instability in the joint, which, if left untreated, can lead to arthritis.
The meniscus is a spongy structure located between the bones of the knee that provides cushioning and prevents excessive wear on the joint lining. This helps prolong the life of the joint. If a meniscal injury is not managed properly, it can result in premature wear of the joint and eventually arthritis.
The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is one of the main stabilizers of the knee, preventing the leg bone from sliding out of the joint. In developed countries, sports are the leading cause of ACL injuries, while in India, accidental injuries are more common. Traumatic injuries, especially from accidents, require more force and cause more damage.
Minor ligament sprains can often be treated non-surgically, but complete ACL ruptures in an active individual usually require surgical intervention. The same applies to meniscal injuries – while minor tears may heal without surgery, significant tears usually require surgical repair.
When surgery is needed, arthroscopy is often used. This minimally invasive technique involves using smaller instruments and smaller incisions. Advances in this field have made these procedures more efficient, often leading to same-day discharge.
In the past, meniscal injuries were treated by removing the torn portion. However, modern medical understanding emphasizes the importance of preserving the meniscus whenever possible. Meniscal repair is now the preferred method, provided the patient seeks timely treatment. When done correctly, meniscal repair produces excellent results.
ACL reconstruction typically involves using the patient’s own tissue to create a graft that serves as a new ligament. One technique we specialize in is “all-inside” ACL surgery, which is technically demanding but has significant advantages. It requires less tissue (by using only one hamstring tendon instead of both), and folding the graft multiple times increases its thickness and strength.
Rehabilitation and physiotherapy after the operation are essential parts of the recovery process. With the right care and treatment, most patients can expect to return fully to their physical activities. It is important to seek medical advice as soon as possible and discuss all available treatment options with a sports surgeon to determine the best approach for your situation.
Address: PSRI Hospital, Press Enclave Road, Sheikh Sarai II, Near Saket Court, New Delhi – 110017
Contact: 84 84 84 84 17
Disclaimer: The authenticity of the claims made in this article is the responsibility of the concerned doctor/hospital.
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