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July 19, 2024 07:38 am IST
From possible causes to treatment options and prevention tips, here’s everything you need to know about thunderclap headaches.
A severe headache of very sudden onset and explosive nature is called a thunderclap headache. “Its explosive and unpredictable nature is compared to thunder. A thunderclap headache is a very severe headache of sudden onset that reaches its maximum intensity within a minute or so of onset and requires immediate medical attention due to its potential to indicate serious underlying conditions,” Dr Darshan Doshi, Consultant – Neurology, PD Hinduja Hospital and Medical Research Centre, Mahim, told HT Lifestyle in an interview.
Thunderclap headaches are often accompanied by nausea, vomiting, changes in consciousness, confusion, seizures, stiff neck, and sensitivity to light and sound. Here is what we need to know about these severe headaches.
Also read: Excessive stress can cause ‘tension headache’
Thunderclap headache: Possible causes
subarachnoid hemorrhageBleeding between the brain and the membranes surrounding it.
Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndromeTemporary narrowing of the blood vessels of the brain.
Thunderclap headache: When to seek medical help?
“Due to the potential severity, any thunderclap headache should be treated as a medical emergency. If a sudden, severe headache reaches a peak within a minute, seek medical help immediately. It is important to take precautions and consult a doctor or go to the nearest hospital emergency service to prevent dangerous complications,” explained Dr. Darshan Doshi.
Also read: Try these 4 effective remedies to get relief from headache
Thunderclap headache: Diagnosis and treatment
A neurological examination such as brain imaging (CT or MRI) is initially ordered. A lumbar puncture may also be performed to check for bleeding or infection. Treatment depends on the underlying cause identified by the diagnosis. It may include medications for pain and symptoms, surgical intervention for aneurysms or arterial dissections, blood thinners for blood clots, and supportive care with close monitoring in the hospital.
Thunderclap headache: Prevention tips
Thunderclap headaches can be prevented by making some healthy lifestyle changes such as controlling high blood pressure, avoiding smoking or excessive drinking, and incorporating a healthy diet and exercise routine. However, in more severe cases, patients may have long-lasting neurological effects.
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