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New Delhi, September 15 (PTI) Air Conditioner will become India’s largest greenhouse gas-enhancer equipment by 2030, with total emissions over 329 million tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2E) by 2035, a new survey has been found.
The National Survey by the Delhi -based think tank Epharest said that ACS released 156 million tonnes alone in 2024, which was equal to emissions from all passenger cars in the country. Out of this, 52 million tonnes came from CO2E cold leaks.
The report suggested strict enforcement to reduce the expanded manufacturer responsibility, a national cold database and serious implications on climate.
Efforests said that these steps could avoid emissions 500-650 million tonnes of emissions from refrigerant in the next decade, price of USD $ 25-33 billion in carbon credit, and consumers to save USD 10 billion to re-fill the cost.
“An AC in India, if refilled every two years, emit more as a passenger car … From the point of view of the climate, the AC is harmful as a car,” said Chandra Bhushan, president and CEO of IFTERST.
India’s AC stock has increased from 62 million in 2024 to 245 million in 2035, with an increase in sales from 14 million to 40 million. Operated by urbanization, high income and rising heat stress, sales since 2020 have already increased by 15–20 percent annually.
Survey of 3,100 houses in Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai, Ahmedabad, Pune and Jaipur found that 80 percent of ACs are under five years of age, Jaipur, Kolkata and Pune led the increase in new purchases.
About 87 percent of the families have the same AC, while 13 percent have two or more. Chennai, Jaipur, Kolkata and Pune have many ownership high, and even lower income groups are now entering the AC market.
Refilling rates in India are the highest globally. About 40 percent of ACs are refilled every year, although it must be ideally once every five years.
Eight out of 10 ACs over five years of age require annual refilling, and even one -third of new machines. Consumers spent In 2024, 7,000 crore on refrigerant refill, one figure is estimated to jump four times 27,540 crores by 2035.
HFC -32, the most widely used cold, is 675 times the warming capacity of carbon dioxide. The refrigerant leak alone is expected to grow from 52 million tonnes of CO2E in 2024, up to 84 million tonnes in 2035.
On use, survey found that homes run their ACS for four hours a year in homes. The monsoon season uses 7.7 hours during summer compared to 3.2 hours.
About 98 percent of the houses have a three-star five-star rated ACS, showing high awareness about energy efficiency. The three-star category dominates with a 60 percent stake, followed by the five-star 28 percent.
Unlike the perception, most families set the thermostats between 23 ° C and 25 ° C. About 67 percent of the families keep their ACs above 23 degrees, while only one third has placed it below 22 degrees, mainly in Delhi, Mumbai and Pune.
Bhushan said that people are conscious of efficiency, but not refrigerant.
“We need widespread regulation on the cold life cycle similar to the extended manufacturer responsibility for plastic,” he said.
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