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People with brown and Indian skin are more susceptible to hyperpigmentation and melasma due to higher levels of melanin, where sun exposure, hormonal changes and genetics can make these conditions worse. People with medium to dark skin tend to have dark spots and blemishes because something triggers their skin to make excess melanin, the substance that gives skin its color.
In an interview with HT Lifestyle, Dr. Trishna Gupte, Clinical Cosmetologist and Trichologist, International Trainer and Academic Head, Founder and Owner, The Cosmo-Square Clinic, ISCA, shared, “Many everyday things can trigger excess melanin in people with darker skin. Treatment begins with the use of topical products known for their skin lightening properties. Hydroquinone, the gold standard, inhibits melanin production, but should be used under the guidance of a dermatologist due to potential side effects. Options such as azelaic acid, kojic acid, and retinoids offer effective results with a low risk profile. Retinoids not only improve cell turnover, but also improve skin texture and complexion, making them a valuable component in a hyperpigmentation treatment regime.”
“Additionally, chemical peels using alpha hydroxy acids (AHAs) or trichloroacetic acid (TCA) exfoliate the superficial layers of the skin and promote the removal of pigment cells. Laser treatments such as fractional laser and intense pulsed light (IPL) target melanin deposits and break them down so the body can eliminate them naturally. Microneedling, often combined with topical serums, can improve skin texture and reduce pigmentation by promoting collagen production and improving skin renewal,” he explains.
According to Dr. Trishna Gupte, maintaining a healthy lifestyle with a balanced diet and adequate sun protection is essential to prevent further pigmentation. She advised, “Multivitamins rich in antioxidants such as vitamins C and E can help repair the skin and fight oxidative stress. Preventive measures are equally important in managing hyperpigmentation. Daily use of a broad-spectrum sunscreen with SPF 30 or higher is essential as ultraviolet (UV) radiation is the primary trigger for melanin production. In short, effective fading and prevention of facial hyperpigmentation requires a comprehensive approach that combines careful sun protection, targeted topical treatments, professional procedures, and careful lifestyle choices.”
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