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Obesity, which is related to cognitive impairment and dementia, is expected to affect half of all adults in the United States within the next decade.
Researchers at Michigan Medicine found that obese patients who underwent bariatric surgery had stable cognition two years later.
According to researchers, bariatric surgery may slow the natural course of cognitive impairment in obese adults.
The results have been published in the Journal of Nutrition, Health and Aging.
Also read: Bariatric surgery reduces risk of major cardiovascular events in patients with obesity, sleep apnea: Study
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First author Evan Reynolds, Ph.D. stated, “Since individuals with obesity experience more rapid cognitive decline than those without obesity, stable cognition two years after bariatric surgery can be considered a success against historical trends, yet Future controlled trials are needed to test this.” ., chief statistician for NeuroNetworks for Emerging Therapies at Michigan Medicine.
Using the Ray Auditory Verbal Learning Test along with a collection of memory and language tests developed by the National Institutes of Health, the research team evaluated more than 85 bariatric surgery patients over a two-year follow-up.
They found that while NIH Cognitive Battery test scores remained stable, secondary executive function tests showed improvement.
However, one of the memory assessments declined after surgery.
While this current study is the largest to assess changes two years after bariatric surgery, the researchers say, the results conflict with previous studies that found better memory and executive functioning among similar patients.
“That study was based primarily on patients who received gastric bypass, whereas our study was based primarily on individuals who completed sleeve gastrectomy,” Reynolds said.
“To provide the best evidence on the effectiveness of bariatric surgery on cognition and potential differences between types of surgeries, we must perform larger observational studies or randomized, controlled trials.”
After bariatric surgery, improvement in diabetic complications, such as peripheral neuropathy, chronic kidney disease, and retinopathy, was not associated with improved cognition.
“Metabolic factors, including diabetes and obesity, are associated with cognitive decline, but we still need to better understand how these factors can be used to improve patients’ cognitive outcomes,” said senior author Brian Callaghan, MD, a neurologist at the University of Michigan. How to best treat the factors.” Health and Eva L. Feldman, MD, Ph.D., professor of neurology at the UM Medical School.
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