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As a result of rapid urbanization, construction, vehicle pollution, operation of coal-fueled power plants, crop burning and brick kilns, air quality levels have become hazardous and in the last few winter months, atmospheric conditions have worsened to the worst. Is. Due to the pollutants being trapped close to the ground, exposure to smog and this pollution can have serious health effects. Winter smog is a complex mixture of various pollutants that can adversely affect air quality and human health.
In an interview with HT Lifestyle, ENT surgeon Dr Vikas Aggarwal shared, “These include particulate matter, nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide (SO2), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), ground-level ozone (O3), carbon monoxide (CO). CO) are included. Heavy metals and ammonia (NH3). These pollutants can interact and cause chemical reactions in the atmosphere, leading to the formation of smog. And yes, its effects are as bad, if not worse, than smoking. Especially because vulnerable populations, such as children, the elderly and individuals with pre-existing respiratory problems, may be more sensitive to the health effects of winter smog.
They revealed five ways winter smog could affect these areas –
1. Irritation and Dryness: Winter smog often contains fine particles and pollutants that can irritate the mucous membranes in the nose and throat. This irritation can cause dryness, discomfort, and itching.
2. Increase in respiratory infections: Exposure to smog in winter can weaken the respiratory system’s defenses, making individuals more susceptible to respiratory infections such as sinusitis, bronchitis and ear infections. Pollutants in smog can compromise the immune system’s ability to fight infection, increasing the risk of disease.
3. Asthma and Allergy Sensitivity: Winter smog can worsen existing respiratory conditions like asthma and allergies. The pollutants present in smog can trigger asthma attacks and increase allergy symptoms, causing congestion, sneezing and difficulty breathing.
4. Worsening of chronic conditions: Individuals with chronic respiratory conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or rhinitis may experience worsening symptoms during the winter smog period. Increased levels of pollutants can increase inflammation and worsen pre-existing conditions.
5. Throat irritation and pain: Exposure to pollutants due to smog in winter can cause irritation and sore throat. This discomfort may also be accompanied by cough, hoarseness and sore throat. Long-term exposure to smog may contribute to the development of chronic throat diseases.
To reduce the effects of smog on the ENT system, Dr. Vikas Aggarwal suggested that individuals should take preventive measures such as:
- Staying indoors during peak smog hours
- using an air purifier
- Staying hydrated to help soothe mucous membranes.
They concluded, “Steam inhalation may help soothe irritated nasal passages and reduce congestion. It can be beneficial in providing relief from symptoms like nasal congestion, throat irritation and sinus problems. However, naturally, this does not address the pollutants present in smog. Additionally, seeking medical help for persistent symptoms (any condition lasting more than a week) is important to rule out any potential health concerns.
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