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Do you feel tired or short of breath throughout the day, even after adequate rest? You may be deficient in iron – an important mineral needed for body functions. These changes can happen gradually or rapidly, making you feel irritable, weak or tired and causing problems with concentration. Iron is involved in vital body functions including the production of hemoglobin, the molecule in your blood that carries oxygen and helps maintain healthy cells, skin, hair and nails. (Also read: 5 signs of iron deficiency in your skin, hair and nails)
Iron deficiency is common in pregnant women, those who experience heavy menstruation, people with GI disorders or who do not eat an iron-rich diet. Symptoms of low iron can appear as pale skin and nails, unexplained weakness, fatigue or lack of energy, shortness of breath, headache, etc.
“Iron deficiency is a widespread nutritional deficiency affecting individuals worldwide, which has a significant impact on health. Iron deficiency is key to early detection and prompt intervention to prevent further health complications. It is important to recognize the signs,” says Dr Aditya S Chauti, senior consultant, Internal. Medicine, Fortis Hospital, Cunningham Road, Bengaluru.
Dr Chauti explained in detail about the symptoms of iron deficiency in an interview with HT Digital.
Signs and Symptoms of Iron Deficiency
Tiredness
Fatigue and weakness are among the most prevalent indicators of iron deficiency. Individuals may experience persistent fatigue and feelings of weakness even after getting adequate rest. This fatigue is caused by decreased hemoglobin levels, which impairs the blood’s ability to efficiently deliver oxygen throughout the body.
yellow skin and nails
This is another major sign of iron deficiency. Pale complexion, especially noticeable on facial features, lips and nails, may indicate a decrease in hemoglobin levels, resulting in a reduced amount of oxygen in the tissues and organs.
difficulty breathing
This may also happen due to iron deficiency. Insufficient iron levels reduce the blood’s ability to carry oxygen, causing individuals to experience shortness of breath, especially during physical exertion or strenuous activities.
Headache
Headache and dizziness are common symptoms associated with iron deficiency. Inadequate iron levels can lead to vascular changes and disrupted oxygen supply to the brain, resulting in headaches, dizziness, and lightheadedness, especially when standing up quickly.
cold hands and feet
They may also indicate iron deficiency. Inadequate iron levels can lead to poor circulation due to low oxygen levels in the blood, which can lead to cold hands and feet, even in hot environments.
dry hair and brittle nails
Brittle hair and nails are additional symptoms of iron deficiency. Dry, brittle hair and nails, which are prone to breaking and cracking, may be caused by inadequate iron levels, which affects the health and strength of hair follicles and nails.
urge to move legs
Restless legs syndrome, characterized by an uncontrollable urge to move the legs, especially at night, is another symptom of iron deficiency. This condition can disrupt sleep patterns and affect overall health.
concentration issues
Inadequate iron levels can cause difficulty concentrating and memory problems, affecting cognitive function and productivity.
Cravings for non-food items like chalk or soap
Additionally, iron deficiency can lead to cravings for non-food items, called pica, and increases the susceptibility to infections and diseases due to its role in supporting a healthy immune system.
Recognizing these signs allows for timely intervention and treatment for iron deficiency, emphasizing the importance of maintaining adequate iron levels for overall health and well-being.
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